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Dehydrating 101 · Pet Food & Treats
Jerky, chews, liver treats, bites, offal and supplement powders — made from single ingredients with no preservatives or fillers. Choose lean cuts, follow a tested recipe, dry fully and store airtight, and you control exactly what goes into your pet’s treats.
55–75 °C*
Typical drying-stage range
*Varies by treat. Not a complete food-safety process
≤10%
Share of calories from treats
FEDIAF guidance for dogs
3–16 h
Typical drying time
Jerky fastest; dense chews longest
Recipe-led
Storage and keeping time
Follow your tested recipe’s instructions
Across Europe, pets are treated as family — and owners are more selective than ever about what goes in the bowl. Single-ingredient dehydrated treats answer that demand: natural, nutrient-dense, shelf-stable and fully traceable. Market figures are FEDIAF’s 2024 data [8], and treats should stay within about 10% of a pet’s calories [7].
About half of European households (49%) have a pet — around 306 million pets across Europe.
Annual pet food sales in Europe, around 8.6 million tonnes (FEDIAF, 2024 data).
Treats are complementary: keep them to no more than about 10% of a pet’s calories.
Humanisation, premiumisation and eco-friendly choices are driving demand for natural treats.
Across Europe, pets are increasingly regarded as true members of the family, treasured more deeply than ever before. Pet owners today are deeply invested in their companions’ physical and mental well-being, and they are more selective than ever about the quality of food they provide.
Gone are the days when pets were fed leftovers or bargain-bin treats. Nowadays, there are entire stores and even specialty butchers dedicated to pet nutrition. Owners are navigating a growing range of products, carefully discerning ingredients that support optimal health and happiness for their furry friends.
About half of European households (140 million, or 49%) now have at least one pet, with roughly 306 million pets across Europe. Annual pet food sales are around €29.4 billion, or about 8.6 million tonnes (FEDIAF, 2024 data). [8]
Premiumization, humanization, and sustainability are driving this growth. Owners want high-quality, functional nutrition tailored to their pets’ needs. They are also choosing more eco-friendly products and packaging, from natural treats to biodegradable toys. At the same time, innovations like smart feeders and GPS collars show how committed people are to their pets’ well-being.
This cultural shift means pets in Europe are increasingly considered true family members. In fact, in countries such as Italy, there are now luxury dog hotels and even pet funerals clear examples of the depth of humanization in the European pet industry.
For butchers and pet businesses it turns offcuts into a premium product line. For owners it means full control of ingredients and real savings.
| Treat | Store-bought dehydrated | Raw ingredient |
|---|---|---|
| Pig’s ears | €19.00 / 10 pack | €12.50 / 1 kg |
| Rabbit jerky | €11.00 / 150 g | €7.50 / 1 kg |
| Chicken necks | €6.00 / 150 g | €4.50 / 1 kg |
Whether you run a pet-friendly business or currently own or are considering one of our dehydrators for at-home use, the advantages of making your own dehydrated pet food go beyond the benefits for the animal. See below for some of our top reasons for creating dehydrated pet food.
If you’re a pet owner, much of your income is likely spent on your pet. Owning a pet can be expensive, from vet visits, daycare, registration, vaccinations, and essentials like collars, leads, beds and home accessories. Pet food will likely top that list, and being a daily requirement, owners will often find themselves paying premium prices for high-quality, natural pet food and treats. Creating your own dehydrated pet food and treats at home can be a huge money saver and will keep your animal happy, too. See our quick cost comparison below.
Dehydrated pig’s ears 10 pack = €19.00Raw pig’s ears 1 kg = €12.50
Dehydrated rabbit jerky 150 g = €11.00Raw rabbit 1 kg = €7.50
Dehydrated chicken necks 150 g = €6.00Raw chicken necks 1 kg = €4.50
Making treats for your own pet and making them to sell are different, and recommendations are different from legal requirements. Both are set out below, with the source for each.
EU feed-hygiene rules (Regulation (EC) No 183/2005) do not apply to the private domestic production of feed for animals not kept for food production, or to feeding them. [3]
That is separate from food-safety advice. Drying raw meat does not automatically eliminate harmful bacteria, and bacteria such as Salmonella can spread to people through feed preparation and chews, with children and older people at particular risk. [2][6] Use a tested recipe and ask your vet if you are unsure what suits your pet.
For reference, USDA advises home users making jerky to heat beef to an internal temperature of 71.1 °C (poultry 73.9 °C) before dehydrating. [1] That is US safety guidance for jerky made for people: it is not an EU legal requirement for private domestic preparation, and it is not specific to pet treats.
BenchFoods models with temperature settings up to 90 °C offer scope for a heating stage as well as drying. A separate oven is not automatically necessary: the equipment must be able to achieve the conditions required by the chosen process.
Where a process uses heat for pathogen reduction, confirm the meat’s internal temperature with a suitable food thermometer and follow the specified holding time and any humidity or airflow conditions. A 90 °C chamber setting alone does not demonstrate an effective treatment.
Businesses that make pet treats are feed business operators. They notify their establishments to the competent authority for registration and use written procedures based on HACCP principles, and Member States may add national rules. [3] An establishment that manufactures pet food must also be approved by the competent authority under the EU animal by-products rules. [4]
Feed must be labelled in line with Regulation (EC) No 767/2009, and the labelling or presentation must not claim that a feed prevents, treats or cures a disease. [5]
Consult your national or local competent authority about the requirements for your operation. Select the recipe, process and equipment together rather than assuming a machine’s maximum temperature establishes compliance.
Take extra care when preparing raw meat. Bacteria can transfer to hands, equipment and kitchen surfaces and from there to food, so clean everything after use and wash your hands thoroughly. [6]
Keep raw-meat utensils and surfaces separate from finished treats, and keep treats out of reach of young children.
FEDIAF advises choosing a chew that suits your dog’s size and shape, supervising your dog with every chew and treat, and avoiding excessively hard chews, which can fracture teeth. [7]
Bones were the most common foreign body in the oesophageal-obstruction studies FEDIAF cites. [7] Ask your vet whether bone chews suit your dog.
Salt, sugar and acidity can contribute to preservation when used in an appropriate formulation, but an ordinary marinade should not be assumed to kill harmful bacteria or make raw meat safe. [2] Many human seasonings are unsafe for pets — see the ingredients section.
Chews and treats are complementary, not nutritionally complete. Keep them to no more than about 10% of your pet’s calories and use them alongside a complete and balanced diet. [7]
Avoid
Rawhide is heavily processed and can be very hard to digest — pieces can cause choking or blockages that may need surgery. Ask your vet whether rawhide suits your dog. Alternatives include bully sticks, beef trachea and pig’s ears.
Dehydrated rawhide treats can be found at many pet stores and have been a popular treat for dogs for years. Made from the inner layer of cow or horse hides, the hides undergo an extensive manufacturing process using chemicals. These chemicals not only clean the hide, removing the hair and fat during the initial process, but stronger chemicals remove the smell developed from the meat decaying over time.
Following this cleaning process, the rawhide is basted with flavourings such as beef, chicken, or liver and dyed in different artificial colours to make it look more appealing. It’s then preserved with even more chemicals before being pressed into various dog treats and shapes that include knots, bones, rolls, braids and more.
While rawhide treats can stimulate a dog's natural chewing instincts keeping jaws strong and teeth clean, relieving anxiety and boredom, and keeping puppies busy and away from things they shouldn’t be chewing on it’s important to note that they can cause major health risks to pets.
Besides the processing, dehydrated rawhide chews are extremely indigestible and can lead to choking and blockages in the oesophagus or digestive tract. Undigested rawhide can sit in the stomach or lower intestines for months and will need to be removed through abdominal surgery. If not removed, the obstructions can be a life-threatening issue.
In short, using rawhide to create dehydrated pet treats is not ideal, and as you will see below, there are many safer and more nutritional options available.
Treat raw meat for pet treats with the same care as meat for people: use a tested recipe and keep raw meat, utensils and finished treats apart. Drying raw meat does not automatically eliminate harmful bacteria, and a dehydrator’s chamber setting is not the same as the meat’s internal temperature. [2]
BenchFoods models with temperature settings up to 90 °C offer scope for a heating stage as well as drying, so a separate oven is not automatically necessary. Where a process uses a heating stage, confirm the meat’s internal temperature with a food thermometer rather than relying on the chamber setting. Freezing before dehydration is also an option, which can make the meat easier to cut or slice.
An endless list of animals and their cuts and offcuts can be used to create dehydrated pet treats that deliver tasty results and various benefits essential to maintaining optimal health in any pet. We’ve highlighted the most popular types of dehydrated pet food and treats below, including dehydrated jerky, dehydrated bones, and dehydrated offal and offcuts, while also covering the various types of meat used and their benefits.
Season and bulk out treats in moderation, and only with ingredients that are safe for dogs. Some common kitchen herbs and produce are genuinely toxic: grapes and raisins can cause acute kidney injury in dogs and cats [9], and xylitol, a sweetener found in some peanut butters, is toxic to dogs even in small amounts [10]. These lists are not exhaustive — ask your vet if you are unsure.
When creating dehydrated pet food for cats, it’s important to note that not all foods and seasonings safe for dogs are safe for cats.
Beetroot – is a rich source of vitamin C, fibre, folate, manganese, magnesium and potassium and contains enzymes that can help dogs digest and absorb other nutrients. Beetroot boosts immunity, promotes a healthy coat and skin, supports gut health and has anti-inflammatory benefits.
Broccoli – is high in fibre, antioxidants, and vitamin C, low in fat, and promotes good gut health and digestion. It also helps reduce inflammation and supports eye and brain health.
Brussels sprouts – are loaded with antioxidants, fibre and vitamins, which include A, C, K, B1 and B6. They protect against harmful free radicals, support blood and heart health, reduce inflammation and support good gut health and digestion.
Cabbage – is low in calories, high in fibre and a great source of nutrients, including vitamins B, C and K, magnesium and beta-carotene. Cabbage reduces inflammation, promotes healthy digestion, boosts immunity, improves blood and eye health and enhances brain and organ function.
Pepper – is packed with antioxidants, nutrients, and vitamins, including A, C, and E, red pepper is better for dogs than yellow or green as they’re the most nutritious. A high source of beta-carotene, which supports skin, coat, and eye health, red pepper also boosts immunity and acts as an anti-inflammatory.
Carrots – are high in fibre and nutrients, including potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, beta-carotene and vitamins A, B, C, D, E and K. They’re low in fat and calories, promote good dental health and vision, support healthy skin and coat and help regulate bowel movements.
Cauliflower – a rich source of fibre, vitamins, and minerals, including vitamins K and C, calcium, potassium, and folate. It supports healthy vision, blood, liver, and muscles and promotes good digestion and immunity.
Celery – is low in calories but rich in antioxidants and nutrients, including fibre, folate, potassium, manganese and vitamins A, C, and K. Celery can support digestion, improve dental health, boost hydration and strengthen joint health.
Cucumber – is super low in calories but packed with nutrients including fibre, potassium, manganese, copper and vitamins A, B, C and K. Cucumbers help maintain healthy vision, boost immunity, assist metabolism and energy levels, promote good gut health, support good blood and skin health, boost hydration and freshen breath.
Green beans – are rich in fibre, low in calories, and packed with vitamins and minerals such as vitamins A, B6, and C, protein, iron, and calcium. They improve blood, skin, and bone health, support digestion, boost immunity, and improve nerve and muscle function.
Leafy greens – spinach, kale, lettuce, and chard are rich in vitamins and minerals, including vitamins A, C, and K, calcium, potassium, and iron. They are also high in fibre. Leafy greens improve digestion, enhance liver function, promote healthy skin and coat, and help maintain healthy bones and muscles.
Peas – are rich in protein, fibre, and antioxidants and contain vitamins and minerals such as vitamins A, C, K, iron, manganese, and phosphorus. Supporting skin, heart, and eye health, dogs can eat snap peas, snow peas, garden, and English peas, but they should be given in moderation as they can cause bloating.
Pumpkin – is considered a superfood for dogs. It’s packed with fibre and nutrients, including vitamins A, C, E, iron, and potassium, and it’s low in calories. Pumpkin helps to soothe the stomach, support healthy digestion and bowel movements, protect the immune system, prevent urinary incontinence and improve eye health.
Sweet potatoes – are another superfood for dogs filled with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that support overall health and well-being. With beta-carotene, potassium, calcium, and vitamins B6 and C, sweet potatoes help maintain healthy eyes, muscles, skin, coats, and bones, boost immunity, support heart, nerve, and muscle health, and promote healthy nervous system function.
Courgette – is low in calories, full of antioxidants, and a nutrient-dense veggie rich in vitamins and minerals, including vitamins A, C, B6, K, protein, potassium, zinc, manganese, magnesium, copper, and phosphorus. It supports digestion and overall gut health, boosts immunity, and promotes stronger bones and healthy skin and coat.
Vegetables unsafe for dogs
Asparagus, Chives, Garlic, Leeks, Mushrooms, Onions.
Apples – are a great source of vitamins A and C, antioxidants, and potassium. They’re low in calories but should be given in moderation as they can cause an upset tummy. Apples help to keep a dog’s teeth clean and freshen breath, and the skin, in particular, is full of fibre, which supports digestion. Don’t feed the seeds or core.
Bananas – are high in vitamins, including vitamin C and B6, potassium, biotin, fibre, magnesium, manganese and copper, and they’re a healthy, low-calorie treat that’s also low in sodium and cholesterol. Bananas help to strengthen bones and muscles, improve brain function, support blood and digestive health and boost immunity.
Blueberries – are a low-calorie superfood packed with antioxidants and anti-inflammatory benefits. They’re a great source of vitamins and minerals, including vitamins A, C, E and K, fibre, choline, calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, zinc and potassium. Blueberries help boost immunity, support brain and heart function, enhance eye and gut health, and manage weight.
Cranberries – are safe for dogs to eat in small quantities (they can cause an upset stomach). They’re another superfood high in fibre and antioxidants and are filled with vitamins and minerals like B1, B2, C, E, K, manganese, and copper. Cranberries boost immunity.
Kiwifruit – is a rich source of nutrients, including vitamins A, C, E, and K, potassium, calcium, beta-carotene, and lutein. Kiwifruit is safe for dogs, provided the skin and seeds are removed first. Besides containing more vitamin C than an orange and more potassium than a banana, kiwifruit supports eye health, boosts immunity, and helps digestion.
Mangoes – are safe in minimal quantities as they’re high in sugar. They’re full of essential vitamins like A, B6, C, and E, potassium, fibre, and high in both alpha and beta-carotene. Mangoes improve digestion and support gut health.
Melons – are a low-calorie fruit and a good source of vitamins A, B6 and C. Both cantaloupe melon and watermelon contain fibre, niacin, potassium, folate and approximately 90% water, and they promote healthy cell function, support eye health, and assist with digestion.
Oranges – are a great source of vitamin C, potassium and fibre. They’re also low in sodium and can help support a healthy immune system, promote digestion, strengthen teeth and bones, enhance brain and organ function and boost hydration.
Peaches – are high in fibre and antioxidants but low in calories and fat. They’re rich in vitamins A, C, E and K, as well as copper, lutein, magnesium, manganese and phosphorus. Peaches boost immunity, enhance blood and eye health, and strengthen bones and joints. Like other fruits, it’s important to give dogs peaches in moderation and never feed a dog the pit, stone, leaves or stem as they can be a choking hazard and toxic to pets.
Pears – are high in vitamins and minerals, including C, K, fibre, potassium and copper, and are low in calories but considered high in sugar, so they should be given in moderation. Pears can boost immunity, assist with digestion, enhance skin and eye health, support blood health and help the heart, muscles and overall nervous system function properly.
Pineapple – is rich in vitamin C, B6, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and iron and is safe for pets but should be given in moderation to avoid an upset stomach. Its benefits for dogs include boosting immunity and energy, regulating brain and body function, strengthening bones, enhancing blood and heart health, and supporting a healthy coat and skin.
Raspberries – are low in sugar and calories, contain anti-inflammatory properties that can help with joint pain and are high in vitamin C, fibre, potassium, copper, iron, magnesium, and manganese. They support digestion, boost metabolism and brain development, strengthen bones, and support blood health but should be given in moderation to avoid an upset stomach.
Strawberries – are rich in vitamins, fibre, potassium, magnesium, and antioxidants, and are considered low-calorie and healthy in moderation for dogs. They support immunity and collagen production, assist with digestion, and are good for dental health.
Fruits unsafe for dogs
Avocado, Cherries, Grapes, Lemons, Raisins, Tomatoes.
As with dehydrating meat for humans, you can also choose to season meat before dehydrating to provide added flavour and nutrients to various dehydrated treats for pets, including jerky, bites and sticks and an assortment of biscuits and chips.
It’s important to know which herbs and spices are safe for pets to consume as some can not only cause upset stomachs or health problems but can actually be quite toxic and harmful to animals. Remember that while our four-legged friends will welcome and appreciate the extra flavour, adding them in moderation and only occasionally is essential. See our suggestions below of which seasonings are safe for dehydrated pet food and treats and which to avoid altogether.
A great way to have a healthy dog is to introduce fresh fruit and vegetables into its diet as they add extra moisture and nutrients, and, like humans, dogs gain energy from both plant and animal food sources. Fruits and veggies can be given to dogs daily or a few times a week, but it’s recommended that they make up only a small share of a dog’s overall diet — ask your vet what suits your dog.
While fresh fruit and veggies can simply be added to a dog’s meal, most dogs cannot chew or digest large chunks/amounts as they lack the suitable enzymes to break them down. For this reason, fruits and veggies should be blended or chopped finely or incorporated into a dehydrated pet treat/food. Just like humans, dogs will favour the taste of certain fruits and vegetables over others, but just like a picky child, a fussy dog won’t even notice them if they’re added to dehydrated pet treats.
When adding fruits or vegetables to a dog’s diet, it’s essential that they’re always fresh or cooked to ensure easy consumption and prevent any choking hazards or digestive issues. Canned fruits or veggies will likely contain too much sodium or sugar from juice or syrup, so they should be avoided. Seeds and skin should be removed from most fruits and veggies, including oranges, kiwifruit, and melons.
Dogs can safely eat most vegetables, but some should be avoided, as consuming large amounts can cause health issues like diarrhoea, stomach pain, vomiting or nausea. While there are thousands of mushrooms, wild and farmed mushrooms can be toxic to dogs and should be avoided altogether. See below for a list of safe vegetables for dogs to eat.
Lean, chewy and high in protein — jerky is the everyday reward most dogs love. Slice thin, trim every bit of fat and dry until leathery. *Temperatures shown on this page are drying-stage figures, not a complete food-safety process. See the food-safety section.
Dehydrated jerky for pets is a popular, healthy treat option across Europe and loved by dogs for its chewy texture and rich flavour. Typically made from lean cuts think chicken breast, beef topside, turkey, venison or rabbit it’s high in protein, low in fat, and naturally rich in vitamins, minerals and amino acids. That makes it a smart choice for everyday rewards or a nutritious snack. For businesses, producing dehydrated jerky can be a lucrative add-on: it uses meat efficiently, carries a long shelf life, and lets you control quality and ingredients from end to end. While there’s an abundance of proteins you can use including lamb and turkey we’re going to look at a few in more detail. See below.
The classic. Rich in protein, relatively low in fat, and the chewy texture helps remove plaque and tartar.
Dehydrated beef jerky is a classic and well-loved pet treat made from lean cuts of beef and an excellent choice for pet owners for several reasons. Being rich in protein makes it a fantastic source of essential amino acids, which are crucial for a pet’s muscle development and overall health and well-being, plus, it also offers a significant energy boost and is a healthy option for active dogs.
The relatively low-fat content in dehydrated beef jerky is also beneficial, as it provides a satisfying and nutritious snack without excessive calorie intake. The natural flavour of dehydrated beef is also a winner among pets, and the chewy texture not only makes it an enjoyable treat but contributes to their overall dental health by removing plaque and tartar.
Leg or loin cuts. Lower in fat than other red meats and rich in omega fatty acids — a gentle swap for pets sensitive to chicken or beef.
Lamb jerky is a delicious alternative to traditional beef jerky for pets and is created using lean cuts of lamb meat, typically from the leg or loin, which provides a unique flavour. Lamb is an excellent choice for jerky as it provides a high-quality and rich protein content while being lower in fat than other red meats. It’s also packed with omega fatty acids that are great for reducing inflammation, supporting brain development, boosting kidney and heart health and helping pets that struggle with arthritis or chronic pain conditions.
Dehydrated lamb jerky contains essential vitamins and minerals that help keep pets' coats and skin healthy, boost metabolism and energy, and protect their immune systems. For pets sensitive to chicken or beef, dehydrated lamb is also a good alternative, as it’s less likely to cause an upset stomach. The chewy texture of dehydrated lamb jerky will also support pets’ dental health, keeping their teeth clean and strong.
Skinless, boneless breast. Mild and lean. If your pet has food sensitivities, ask your vet before choosing a protein.
Dehydrated chicken jerky is a popular and lean choice for pet treats and is usually made from skinless, boneless chicken breast. Being low in fat and calories and high in protein makes it a nutritious option for pets, and it’s particularly well-liked for its mild flavour and chewy texture.
From a nutritional perspective, dehydrated chicken jerky offers essential amino acids supporting muscle growth, development, and overall health. It’s also an excellent choice for those with athletic and active pets, as it contains essential nutrients that boost bone strength and energy. The texture of dehydrated chicken jerky encourages chewing, which can help improve dental health by reducing plaque and tartar buildup.
To prepare for dehydration, ensure any bones and skin are removed which can cause spoilage during storage.
Salmon or cod. Omega-3 rich for heart, joints, coat and skin — dried at a lower temperature than red meat.
Dehydrated fish jerky offers a unique and nutritious option for pets, and while many different fish can be used, salmon and cod are popular choices due to their rich flavour and beneficial qualities. Fish is an excellent choice for jerky due to its rich protein and essential omega-3 fatty acid content, which supports heart and joint health in pets.
Being a protein powerhouse, dehydrated fish jerky is packed with essential amino acids that assist with muscle development, boost energy, and support overall health and well-being. It can also help reduce inflammation, support brain function and promote a healthy coat and skin and is particularly beneficial for pets that suffer allergies or sensitivities.
As with other jerky, dehydrated fish jerky provides a chewy, textured treat that supports dental health, and with the natural oils found in fish, it provides a flavourful and appealing taste that pets seem to love. To prepare for dehydration, ensure the fish is clean and filleted well, with the skin and bones removed.
Long-lasting chews keep dogs occupied and work as natural dental aids, scraping away plaque and tartar. They’re also an easy way for businesses to turn bones and by-products into stock. Choose a size and shape that suits your dog, supervise every chew, and avoid chews so hard that they don’t bend or soften — very hard chews can fracture teeth. [7]
Dehydrated bones and chews not only provide long-lasting entertainment for dogs, which can be great for pet owners who want to keep their furry friends occupied, but they also serve as effective dental aids, helping to maintain overall dental health and hygiene by reducing plaque and tartar build-up. These treats can be made from bones from various animals such as beef, chicken or lamb, with other chew variations from seafood like shark, fish skin and even sardines.
Offering these treats can be a smart choice for businesses, as they’re not only popular among pet owners but also easy to make and reduce any waste of bones, etc. As with all dehydrated pet food, dehydrating bones and chews means more concentrated nutrient levels and flavour, too.
Some dehydrated bones and chew options include duck necks, chicken wings, and beef ribs. See a selection of our favourite dehydrated bones and chews below.
Tough, durable and very low in fat. Rich in chondroitin and glucosamine for joint health.
Dehydrated shark cartilage is a fantastic option for pet chews due to its natural toughness and durability, keeping pets busy and providing a healthy chewing challenge for dogs. A sustainable option, being that shark cartilage is typically a discarded part of the shark, dehydrated shark cartilage is super low in fat yet rich in nutrients. It includes chondroitin and glucosamine, which are known to support joint health and reduce inflammation and can be particularly beneficial for older dogs or those with joint issues.
Dehydrated shark cartilage is also packed with omega fatty acids, which support heart health and help achieve a super healthy coat, and it’s also considered a great source of calcium. With its firm and long-lasting texture and natural, fishy flavour, dehydrated shark cartilage can also help reduce tartar and plaque buildup and has proven to be a favourite among pets.
If you’re a pet or business owner who wants to make dehydrated shark cartilage, you can often find it from suppliers specialising in pet treats or from seafood suppliers. Ensure it’s clean and free from any excess tissue, and if you need to, cut it into appropriately sized pieces to suit your pet, or select a variety of sizes if you’re a business owner to offer a variety to your customers. There’s no need for further seasoning or preparation follow our guide on dehydrating times below.
Premium connective-tissue chew packed with natural collagen and glucosamine for mobility.
Dehydrated beef tendon, commonly known as paddy wack, is a premium choice for dehydrated pet chews and is sourced from the tough connective tissue of beef. It offers a natural and durable chew option, making it an excellent choice for pets with a strong chewing instinct or those needing to be occupied for longer periods. A sustainable choice for businesses, utilising beef tendons to make dehydrated pet treats minimises waste and allows for an additional revenue stream, as it is often considered a by-product and discarded.
Packed with nutrients to keep the pooches happy, the dehydrated beef tendon is a powerhouse of natural collagen and glucosamine, a compound in cartilage that promotes joint health and assists with pet mobility. High in protein, dehydrated beef tendon can help boost energy and support muscle development and overall health and well-being since it’s a rich source of essential amino acids. It’s also lean in fat, which makes it suitable for pets with dietary restrictions or sensitivities.
Regarding flavour and texture, dehydrated beef tendon offers a chewy, meaty texture with a subtle beef flavour. It can also help pets' dental health by reducing plaque and build-up during chewing and strengthening jaw muscles. To prepare for dehydration, wash the beef tendon well and cut it into smaller pieces if needed.
One of the longest-lasting chews available. Solid, lean and digestible — dogs grind them down slowly.
Dehydrated bully sticks, also known as beef pizzle, are essentially the penis of a steer or male cattle (yes, you read right!). Commonly found in pet stores, dehydrated bully sticks are available in a variety of sizes, which makes them the perfect treat for dogs big and small, and are an excellent choice for business owners looking to offer pet treats to their customer base, considering they utilise a part of the animal that would otherwise go to waste.
Super healthy and rich in protein, dehydrated bully sticks are one of the most long-lasting, durable treats available. They are perfect for pets who tend to demolish pig’s ears and other dehydrated treats in minutes. Considered one of the best ‘occupy’ treats, dehydrated bully sticks not only taste particularly good to dogs but also provide lots of mental stimulation and often allow pet owners some much-needed silent time.
Because they’re quite solid (unlike some other treats that break easily when chewed), they’re considered easily digestible treats. Pets must slowly grind them down when chewing, promoting good oral and dental health.
Dehydrated bully sticks are lean dog treats, low in carbs and fat, making them perfect for those with dietary restrictions. They’re also a rich source of protein and essential amino acids that support muscle growth, development, and function, as well as overall health and well-being. Bully sticks should be cleaned thoroughly before dehydration with any excess moisture removed.
Small spinal bones with a high meat-to-bone ratio. Dried bones can splinter — supervise your dog and ask your vet whether bone chews suit them.
Dehydrated chicken necks are a popular pet treat for dogs and cats and an excellent choice for pet chews due to their naturally small size and high meat-to-bone ratio. Cooked or dried bones can splinter or be swallowed and become lodged in a dog’s throat or gut, so bone chews carry a risk, and FEDIAF advises supervising dogs with every chew and treat. [7] Chicken necks contain small spinal bones; don’t dehydrate them at high temperatures, as bones can become brittle and shatter into shards. Ask your vet whether bone chews suit your dog.
Dehydrated chicken necks also contain plenty of connective tissue and cartilage, which are high in glucosamine and chondroitin that support healthy joints and movement, and they’re also packed with protein and essential vitamins and minerals like calcium and zinc. While chicken necks are known to be low in calories (with half the calories of a typical dental chew), they’re also considered relatively high in fat, so they aren't the best choice for pets with dietary restrictions or who are overweight, but they can provide a good energy source to active dogs.
For business owners, creating dehydrated chicken necks is a sustainable choice, as it utilises parts of the chicken that might otherwise go to waste and provides another offering to customers with a long shelf life. To prepare chicken necks for dehydration, ensure they’re rinsed well and pat dry. Follow our guidelines below for drying times and recommended temperature.
Whole-fish omega-3 boost for skin, coat and joints. Calorie-dense, so introduce in small portions.
Dehydrated sardines are a great source of essential nutrients and provide many health benefits to pets. Rich in protein and omega-3 fatty acids, they promote healthy skin and coat by hydrating dry skin, reducing inflammation and minimising redness or itchiness that dogs can experience due to allergies or seasonal changes. Containing vitamins D and B12, calcium, selenium, iodine, iron, phosphorus and niacin, dehydrated sardines support brain and vision development, boost heart health, and assist with hip and joint health, which can benefit older pets.
Being a complete protein containing all the essential amino acids, dehydrated sardines not only help develop and maintain healthy muscles but also encourage optimal health and well-being in pets, helping the organs, immune, and digestive systems function properly. One thing to keep in mind is that sardines are considered calorie-dense, so feeding too many can cause weight gain and digestive issues. Whether they’re used as a high-reward treat or mixed in with a pet’s meal, it’s important to introduce them into the diet in small portions.
To dehydrate sardines for pets, ensure they’re cleaned thoroughly, removing the scales and guts, rinsing under cold water and patting dry with a paper towel before dehydration. Follow our guide below for recommended drying times and temperatures.
See our extensive list below of dehydrated bones and chews that can be made using one of our dehydrators from BenchFoods.
Everything else you can make with a BenchFoods dehydrator.
Fish: Shark tail, Shark skin, Shark cutlet, Fish twisters (shark cartilage wrapped in mackerel or shark skin), Mackerel skin, Fish fillets (cod, whiting).
Poultry: Chicken wings, Turkey necks, Duck necks, Duck wings.
Beef: Beef ribs, Beef tendons (paddywack).
Intensely savoury and easily digestible — liver is the go-to high-value training reward. Slice to about 6 mm and dry until leathery and breakable.
Liver is very rich in vitamin A. Too much can cause vitamin A toxicity — joint pain, bone deformities and gastrointestinal problems — as well as upset stomachs.
Dehydrated liver treats are a hit with pets due to their intense smell and savoury taste. Made from organ meats like beef or chicken liver, these treats are a rich source of essential nutrients, vitamins and minerals, are known for being easily digestible and can be used for training or rewards. For businesses, producing dehydrated liver treats can be a lucrative market as they are cost-effective to source, and they’re a favourite treat for owners who want the best for their pets, being that they are an excellent source of protein.
For pet owners, giving liver treats in small amounts is essential, as too much can cause an upset stomach. Because it’s super rich in nutrients, particularly vitamin A, overconsumption of dehydrated liver treats can cause vitamin A toxicity, bringing about various health issues, including joint pain, bone deformities and gastrointestinal problems. However, these treats have their benefits, with vitamin A encouraging good vision and minerals like iron, protein, copper, folate (B vitamins), selenium and zinc supporting immunity, boosting brain function and development, and promoting a healthy skin and coat.
To prepare any type of liver for dehydration, it’s important to trim any excess fat or connective tissue that may cause spoilage during storage and slice the liver into uniform strips or pieces for consistent drying at approximately 6 mm thickness. Follow our guide below on drying times and temperatures. Still, as with all dehydrated liver treats, they should be dry, leathery and breakable in texture when the dehydration process is complete.
Common choices include beef liver chips, chicken liver bites, and lamb liver treats. See our breakdown below.
Natural beefy taste with a crunchy-chewy texture. Low in fat; rich in iron, B12, copper and zinc.
Dehydrated beef liver treats are highly popular among pets for their exceptional flavour, natural toughness and high nutrient content. They provide dogs with a satisfying and delicious treat, making them an excellent option for training or rewarding pets. As with other dehydrated pet treats, dehydrated beef liver is profitable for business owners as it uses a readily available meat source and minimises wastage.
Packed with essential nutrients, dehydrated beef liver treats are a rich source of protein, iron and several B vitamins, including B12 and folate. These nutrients support healthy muscles, a shiny coat and overall pet vitality. Dehydrated beef liver is also considered low in fat, making it suitable for dogs on weight management or restricted fat diets, and it’s a natural source of copper and zinc—essential minerals that contribute to a strong immune system.
Dehydrated beef liver provides dogs with a satisfying and engaging treat with a natural beefy taste and a crunchy and chewy texture.
Low in calories, nutrient-dense, with a complete amino-acid profile. Economical and readily available.
Dehydrated lamb liver is low in calories and an excellent choice for pet treats due to its rich flavour and nutrient density, providing dogs with a delicious and satisfying reward. For business owners, lamb liver is often readily available and economical, making it an excellent choice to reduce meat wastage and increase profitability.
A protein-rich treat that offers a complete amino acid profile, dehydrated lamb liver helps to develop and maintain muscle strength, boosts the immune system and supports overall pet health. Dehydrated lamb liver is also an excellent source of vitamins and minerals, including vitamin A, iron, copper, niacin, zinc and phosphorus, which provide several benefits, including enhancing the health of skin, teeth and bones, providing energy and boosting metabolism.
The lower fat content makes it suitable for most pets, particularly those with food sensitivities and on a weight management diet, and the chewy texture keeps pets engaged and entertained.
A high-value training reward rich in iron, selenium and vitamins A and B. Cheap and easy to source.
Chicken is always a popular pet treat, and dehydrated chicken liver is a high-value reward suitable for training. Naturally rich in protein and healthy fats, dehydrated chicken liver is a high-quality source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, including iron, selenium, and vitamins A and B. These are essential for thyroid health and immunity and support healthy brain function, digestion, and vibrant skin and coat.
Dehydrated chicken liver is also packed with amino acids, which are vital for muscle growth and development, and it also helps to boost strength and energy in pets.
Offering dehydrated chicken liver is an easy option for business owners. It’s readily available, cost-effective, and will help minimise waste within your business.
One of the most nutrient-dense treats. Lean, relatively low in calories and low in allergens.
Dehydrated goat liver is considered a powerhouse of nutrition and taste and one of the most nutrient-dense pet treats. Rich in protein and packed with key vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, it contains folic acid and essential fatty acids that ensure optimal pet health and well-being.
Dehydrated goat liver is a lean meat relatively low in calories compared to other meats and is a good source of vitamin B, which supports metabolism, and iron, which enhances blood health. It is also low in allergens, making it perfect for pets with sensitivities, and promotes healthy skin and coat.
As with other dehydrated liver treats, goat liver is a great product offering for business owners as it’s easy to source, cost-effective and helps reduce wastage within the business.
Small, breakable treats for training and portion control. Most combine meat, fish or fruit with chickpea flour — grain-free, gluten-free, low-allergen and high in protein and fibre.
Dehydrated bites come in various flavours and sizes, making them versatile pet treats. These treats are usually made from meat cuts like chicken, beef, fish, or various fruits combined with chickpea flour and can be easily broken into smaller pieces for training or portion control.
Chickpea flour is the perfect ingredient for minimal-ingredient dog treats as it adds a healthy boost of protein and fibre to a dog’s diet plus, it’s easy to digest and low-allergen because it’s grain-free. Chickpea flour is also gluten-free and contains essential vitamins and minerals, including potassium, magnesium, zinc, iron and essential B vitamins that boost energy levels, as well as support healthy digestion, strengthen the immune system and have anti-inflammatory benefits.
Dehydrated bites are popular among pet owners for their convenience and suitability for dogs of all sizes. Businesses can benefit from producing these treats as they cater to various preferences.
Naturally sweet with no added sugar. Low-calorie, fibre-rich and great for freshening breath.
Dehydrated apple bites provide a natural sweetness without added sugars and are rich in vitamins and fibre, aiding digestion and boosting dental health for pets. A great source of vitamins A and C, as well as potassium and antioxidants, they’re a low-calorie treat that can help keep your pet’s breath fresh while satisfying their sweet tooth. Using chickpea flour combined with blended apple or freshly made apple puree adds essential nutrients, making it a suitable low-calorie treat for dogs, particularly those on a diet. Utilising extra or overripe apples is a great way to minimise wastage and create a treat that pets can enjoy, which is perfect for training or filling hollow enrichment toys.
To create, slice apples and blend them well with chickpea flour in a blender. You can add a small amount of natural peanut butter (check the label: it must not contain xylitol, which is toxic to dogs) to help bind the ingredients together and provide that extra nutty flavour that pets love. Cut the mixture into uniform bite-size pieces and place them in the preheated dehydrator (see our guide on times and temperature below), ensuring they’re not touching so they dry evenly.
High-protein, low-fat bites with a chewy texture that suits puppies and toy fillers.
Dehydrated chicken bites offer a high protein content for pet treats, ideal for training and/or interactive toy fillers. Low in fat and calories but a rich source of vitamins and minerals, including niacin, selenium, and phosphorus, these nutrients support various bodily functions, including metabolism, energy production and bone health.
Like all other dehydrated chicken treats, dehydrated chicken bites offer essential amino acids that support muscle growth, development, and overall health. They’re also an excellent choice for those with athletic and active pets.
Combining chickpea flour with chicken adds extra nutrients and benefits, such as added fibre, which supports healthy digestion while reducing calories and carbs, making them suitable for pets on a diet. With a savoury flavour that pets love, dehydrated chicken bites provide a nice chewy texture, which is also ideal for puppies. Making dehydrated chicken bites also utilises excess chicken parts or trimmings, as chicken is a readily available meat, allowing for cost-effective production and minimising waste.
Easily digestible, low-fat tuna bites rich in omega-3 — kind to sensitive tummies.
Dehydrated fish bites made with tuna are rich in omega-3 fatty acids that promote a healthy coat, joints, brain function, and digestive health in pets. Fish is a high-quality, easily digestible source of protein for pets, so dehydrated fish bites make excellent treats for dogs with sensitive tummies or allergies, older dogs with digestive issues, or any dog that requires a more controlled diet, as they’re low in calories and fat.
Dehydrated fish bites are packed with essential amino acids that support muscle development, boost energy, and support overall health and well-being. They can also assist in reducing inflammation and contain omega-3 acids, which are essential for a dog’s growth and early development. Due to their chewy texture, they’re also an excellent training treat for puppies and a good choice for enrichment toys.
Made with lean ground tuna, combine with chickpea flour for added nutrients and benefits and mix well. Roll into bite-size pieces and dehydrate at the recommended time and temperature, as outlined below.
Strong fishy flavour makes a high-reward training treat. Omega-3 for itchy skin and joints.
Dehydrated mackerel bites are a nutritious dog treat filled with omega-3 fatty acids that help improve a pet’s coat, cognitive function, and joint health. They provide a strong fishy flavour and chewy texture, making them a high-reward treat for training. Like other fish treats rich in omega-3, dehydrated mackerel bites are a great pet treat for dogs who suffer from allergies or itchy skin, as they can help reduce inflammation.
Easily digestible and a rich source of lean protein for pets, dehydrated mackerel bites are packed with essential vitamins and minerals, including vitamin B12, vitamin D and essential amino acids that boost energy and immunity and improve heart health. They’re also suitable for older dogs with arthritis and younger puppies to support their brain development.
For business owners, utilising sustainably caught mackerel offers your customers a unique and healthy fish-based treat and highlights responsible sourcing practices that can attract conscious consumers.
Crunchy, lightweight and easy to break for training. Made from meat, vegetables and grains you already have — and customisable to any dietary need. Try: sweet potato chips, chicken & apple biscuits, beef & oat bites, peanut butter & pumpkin biscuits.
Use natural peanut butter without xylitol — it’s toxic to dogs. [10] For flour or wheat allergies, swap in rice, coconut or chickpea flour.
Dehydrated biscuits and chips for pets are great crunchy treats and can be made from various ingredients, including meat, vegetables, and grains, offering a range of nutritional benefits that support everything from digestive to skin and coat health.
They’re a great option for pet owners who are looking for a combination of flavours and textures instead of the standard dehydrated meat treats, and are a perfect choice for training, being lightweight and easy to break into smaller pieces.
For businesses, offering a diverse range of dehydrated biscuits and chips can attract a broader customer base as these treats can be customised to meet specific dietary needs and preferences. They’re also an easy treat for pet owners to make at home, utilising many ingredients they already have and allowing owners to control what ingredients are used and the portion sizes. If you’re adding peanut butter, ensure that it’s natural peanut butter without xylitol, as this ingredient is toxic to dogs. If a pet is allergic to flour or wheat, use rice, coconut or chickpea flour instead.
Some options for dehydrated biscuits and chips include sweet potato chips, chicken and apple biscuits, beef and oat bites, or peanut butter and pumpkin biscuits.
Hearts, lungs, ears, trachea and feet — parts that would otherwise be discarded become nutrient-rich, high-margin treats. Clean thoroughly and remove all excess fat before drying.
Dehydrating offal and off-cuts for pet treats, particularly for dogs, has become increasingly popular due to their cost-effectiveness, nutritional benefits, and potential for business expansion if you’re a butcher or business owner. They’re also a sustainable choice for pet treats because they’re crafted from parts of the animal that might otherwise go to waste, such as hearts, kidneys, or lungs, minimising wastage for businesses and increasing profit margins. For pets, dehydrated offal and off-cuts offer a range of textures and flavours, and they’re filled with nutrient-rich properties such as essential vitamins, minerals, and amino acids that support a pet's overall health.
Dehydrating these meats for pet treats provides a convenient and portable option for pet owners, making it easier to ensure their pets receive the nutrients they need. If dehydrating treats at home, pet owners can save a significant amount of money instead of purchasing pre-made store alternatives that could be filled with other preservatives and ingredients all while keeping their pets happy, too!
When it comes to preparation, all offals and offcuts should be thoroughly cleaned before dehydration, with any excess fat removed to prevent spoilage. For a quick overview, follow our guide to drying times and temperatures.
Some other popular varieties of dehydrated offal and offcuts include dehydrated beef hearts, chicken gizzards, and pork lung chips, but really, there are an endless amount of offal and offcuts that can be used to make nutrient-rich dehydrated pet treats.
See some of the most popular below.
Single-ingredient, softer cartilage chew — easy to digest and kind to older teeth.
Dehydrated pig’s ears are definitely one of the most popular dehydrated pet treats out there due to their delicious taste and multiple health benefits. Being a single-ingredient product without any preservatives or additives, they're a popular option for dogs of all sizes, offering softer cartilage and texture, making them easy to chew, super digestible, and ideal for senior pets or those with dental problems.
Containing essential proteins that are vital for muscle development, growth, and repair, dehydrated pig's ears also contain glucosamine and chondroitin, which support joint health and better mobility and flexibility in dogs.
Because of their chewy texture, dehydrated pig’s ears promote healthy gums, clean teeth, and fresh breath and stimulate pets’ chewing instincts. This chewing behaviour has benefits in itself, naturally promoting dopamine, which reduces overall stress and keeps pets happy. Also, being flavourful even after extended chewing makes them an enjoyable and long-lasting treat.
For businesses, utilising pig’s ears reduces waste and provides an affordable and popular pet treat option, attracting customers looking for high-protein and shelf-stable snacks. To ensure pig’s ears are ready for dehydration, wash them well, remove any hair or debris, and trim off any excess fat, which will help prevent spoilage and ensure even drying time.
Very hard, keratin-rich chew. Hard chews can fracture teeth — supervise and ask your vet whether it suits your dog.
Dehydrated goat horns are a single-ingredient treat, and their tough, durable nature makes them an ideal chew for dogs with strong jaws, providing long-lasting entertainment and dental benefits. All natural with no additives or preservatives, dehydrated goat horns are high in protein and low in fat and help promote healthy skin and coat due to their high keratin content. They’re also a great dental aid, helping to remove plaque and tartar build-up to improve oral health and hygiene, and they help to boost energy and muscle development in dogs, being a rich source of protein.
Dehydrated goat horns provide a tasty flavour, making them satisfying and enjoyable for pets that love to chew. They’re an excellent choice for pet owners looking for a natural treat that provides both mental stimulation and dental benefits.
For butchers and business owners, making dehydrated goat horns helps minimise waste and provide an additional income stream from parts of an animal that may otherwise be discarded. To prepare, ensure the goat horns are washed well, and any dirt or debris is removed before dehydration.
Soft cartilage with no sharp edges — a beginner bone-free chew from 16 weeks.
Made from a cow’s windpipe (the cartilage tube that leads from the mouth to the lungs), dehydrated beef trachea, like pig’s ears, is full of goodness and provides numerous health benefits for pets. Beef trachea is an excellent option for those pets who may be overweight or on a weight management plan, as it’s lower in calories and fat than pig’s ears but still provides a satisfying flavour and long-lasting treat.
Known as a softer chew because of its cartilage texture and lack of sharp jagged edges, dehydrated beef trachea is considered a good dehydrated treat for dogs 16 weeks or older as a beginner bone-free chew.
Filled with nutrients, dehydrated beef trachea is naturally rich in chondroitin and glucosamine, which support mobility, joint health, and flexibility in pets, and collagen, which promotes healthy skin, nails, coat, and digestion. Dehydrated beef trachea is also high in protein and, therefore, amino acids, supporting muscle development, repair, and recovery. It also cleans plaque and tartar, encouraging good dental health.
And, as with other offal and offcuts, dehydrated beef trachea not only provides another income stream and customer offering for business owners but also helps minimise waste, using parts that would otherwise be discarded.
To prepare for dehydration, clean the beef trachea thoroughly and remove any excess fat to prevent spoilage. Follow our guidelines below for recommended drying time and temperature.
Crunchy, low-fat and inexpensive. Supervise — their small size can be a choking hazard.
Dehydrated chicken feet are made of tendons, skin, and cartilage, offering an extremely crunchy and nutritious treat for dogs of all sizes. Packed with protein and calcium, they’re another pet treat great for mobility, bones, teeth and muscle repair and development, making them suitable for older dogs and pups over three months.
As with other dehydrated offals and offcuts, dehydrated chicken feet provide numerous dental benefits, reducing plaque and tartar buildup, are a satisfying chewable treat that encourages a pet’s natural chewing instinct, boosts dopamine levels and reduces stress or anxiety, and can be an excellent chew option for those with sensitive stomachs or lighter chewers.
Dehydrated chicken feet are also a rich source of glucosamine and chondroitin, which support joint mobility, and collagen and omega-3 fatty acids, which promote a healthy coat and skin. Unlike other treats contributing to weight gain, dehydrated chicken feet are also considered low in fat.
Another plus is that compared to other pet treats, dehydrated chicken feet are relatively inexpensive, making them an affordable treat for pet owners and a great customer offering for businesses. Although they don’t splinter when crushed easily, their smaller size can make them a choking hazard, so it’s always suggested that pets are supervised when eating them.
To prepare for dehydration, rinse chicken feet thoroughly and remove any feathers or debris. Follow our guidelines below to ensure they’re completely dried and crunchy before storing.
See our detailed list below of dehydrated offal and offcuts that can be made using one of our dehydrators from BenchFoods.
Goat heart, Goat trotter, Goat tripe (stomach lining), Pig trotter, Cow hooves, Chicken feet, Chicken heart, Lamb lung, Pork lung, Beef lung, Pig's snouts, Oxtail, Chinstrap (beef cheek), Lamb's ears, Duck feet, Beef kidney, Beef heart.
Dry completely, cool, then grind. Sprinkled over regular food, powders add concentrated nutrition for joints, mobility, skin and coat. Always start with a small dose.
(suitable for joints and mobility, skin health and provides anti-inflammatory benefits)
Dehydrated powders and supplements are a convenient way to enhance pet nutrition and can be made from various ingredients, including vegetables, fruits, and proteins like liver or fish and even bone broth. These powders can be sprinkled on top of regular pet food to provide extra flavour and nutrients and are popular among health-conscious pet owners seeking to improve their pet's diet or support their overall health and well-being.
Businesses can tap into this market by producing dehydrated powders and supplements with specific health benefits, simply by dehydrating the meat or various ingredients to remove the moisture and grinding it into a powder. Examples include salmon powder for skin and coat health, pumpkin powder for digestion, and liver powder for added protein.
See our page on dehydrated powders for more information on how to dehydrate various vegetables, etc.
Supplement powders are not a replacement for a complete and balanced diet. How much suits your pet depends on its size, age, health and diet, so ask your vet before adding any powder to meals, and start with a very small amount.
Ground-down chew that adds omega-3, calcium, chondroitin and glucosamine to meals.
As mentioned above, in our dehydrated bones and chews section, dehydrated shark cartilage is low in fat and provides lots of nutritional benefits for pets, being that it’s rich in omega-3 fatty acids, calcium, chondroitin, glucosamine and protein. Benefits include supporting bone, joint and heart health, reducing inflammation, maintaining healthy muscles, and boosting skin and coat health.
While dehydrated shark cartilage is a great, long-lasting chew for pets, grinding it down into a dehydrated powder means that pet owners can add the supplement to food to boost the nutrient level, making it a good option for older pets suffering from arthritis or other joint pain. Start with a very small amount, monitor your pet, and ask your vet how much suits them.
Follow the same dehydration process above and then grind into a powder form, storing in an airtight container or jar to ensure the best shelf life.
Blue mussels: natural omega-3 and anti-inflammatory support for arthritis and mobility. Low in calories.
Blue mussels, commonly found along European coastlines, are a nutritious choice for pets and are often considered a better option than other shellfish because of their natural omega-3 content and anti-inflammatory properties. Dehydrated mussels are a popular treat, but converting them into a supplement powder to sprinkle over a pet’s food can provide concentrated nutrients and support with common health concerns such as arthritis and decreased mobility. Rich in vitamins including A, B12 and C, dehydrated mussel powder can improve a dog’s vision and brain function, reduce inflammation and support a healthy nervous system. It is also an excellent source of protein and contains minerals such as potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, phosphorus and magnesium. These nutrients contribute to healthy skin and coat, boost immunity, improve joint health, provide energy, and support both heart and kidney function. Dehydrated mussel powder is also suitable for overweight dogs, as it is naturally low in calories.
When introducing dehydrated mussel powder into a pet’s diet, it’s important to start with small quantities to rule out shellfish allergies, which may show as an upset stomach, itchiness or sneezing. Ask your vet how much suits your pet, and adjust based on the pet’s response.
To dehydrate blue mussels, make sure they are deshelled and cleaned thoroughly. Cut them into small, uniform pieces around half a centimetre thick to ensure quicker drying. Follow the recommended dehydration guidelines for time and temperature, but always check that they are completely dry and cooled before grinding into a fine powder. This step helps prevent spoilage and ensures a safe, high-quality supplement for pets.
Highest-quality protein plus a calcium boost from the shells — ask your vet how much suits your pet.
Eggs provide a heap of nutrition to both humans and animals, making dehydrated egg powder a great addition to a pet’s food bowl. Considered the highest-quality protein for pet food, dehydrated eggs are packed with essential nutrients such as vitamins A, D, and B, calcium, phosphorus, and amino acids. They also contain healthy fats, including omega-3 fatty acids, which contribute to healthy skin and coat, reduce inflammation, and support brain function.
Being rich in protein, dehydrated egg powder also supports muscle development and maintenance, is highly digestible, making it a great protein source for pets with sensitive stomachs, and provides antioxidants to boost immunity, reducing the risk of infections and improving overall health.
With dehydrated egg powder for pets, the eggshell can also be included in the dehydration process. Eggshells are very rich in calcium, which dogs need for healthy bones and teeth, but more is not automatically better. Ask your vet before giving eggshell powder, especially to puppies and pregnant dogs.
As with other powders, introduce dehydrated egg powder to pets gradually. Eggshell powder is very high in calcium, so the amount matters: ask your vet how much suits your pet before adding it to food, and keep the rest of the diet balanced.
To make dehydrated egg/eggshell powder, crack the eggs into a blender and pulse until fluffy and smooth, keeping the eggshells aside, and pour the blended egg mixture onto stainless steel trays. With the egg shells, ensure they’re thoroughly rinsed and place them evenly on a separate tray to dehydrate. Follow the guidelines below for recommended dehydration time and temperature, but check that it’s completely dry, with a crumbly texture and no moisture before removing it. Allow the dehydrated eggs and eggshells to cool before blitzing in a blender separately.
Choosing a machine
Every BenchFoods machine is built from 304 food-grade stainless steel, and these models have temperature settings up to 90 °C, so they can run a heating stage as well as drying — from a home kitchen to a butcher’s back room.
Pet owners
Batches of jerky, liver and bites for one or two dogs.
€239€369
Butchers & pet stores
Room for long-drying chews, trachea and pig’s ears alongside jerky — a full retail range from offcuts.
€839€1.395
Pet food producers
Two independent zones: run 12–16 hour chews in one while jerky or liver dries at its own temperature in the other.
€5.829€9.295
Each treat type suits a different pet, purpose and drying run. Use this to plan your range or your next batch. *Temperatures are drying-stage figures, not a complete food-safety process.
| Treat type | Texture | Typical drying | Best for | Watch for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jerky | Chewy, leathery | 3–8 h at 55–75 °C* | Everyday rewards, active dogs | Trim all fat; slice uniformly |
| Bones & chews | Tough, long-lasting | 8–16 h at 60–75 °C* | Dental health, keeping dogs occupied | Chicken necks turn brittle if over-heated |
| Liver treats | Dry, leathery, breakable | 6–10 h at 55–70 °C* | High-value training rewards | Vitamin A — feed in small amounts |
| Bites, biscuits & chips | Chewy or crunchy, breakable | 4–10 h at 55–70 °C* | Training, puppies, enrichment toys | No xylitol in peanut butter |
| Offal & offcuts | Crunchy to chewy | 6–14 h at 65–70 °C* | Joint support, low-cost treats, less waste | Supervise small items like chicken feet |
| Powders & supplements | Fine, dry powder | 4–14 h, then grind | Arthritis, mobility, skin & coat | Start small and ask your vet |
The method for jerky, the most popular treat — the same principles apply to chews, offal and liver.
Topside or sirloin for beef, breast or thigh for chicken or turkey. Lean meat dries more evenly and lasts longer in storage.
Fat slows drying and turns rancid in storage, even when the rest of the treat is fully dry. Remove skin and bones from chicken and fish.
Cut jerky into strips about 0.5–1 cm thick, and liver to about 6 mm. Cut sticks and bites to size before drying so every piece finishes together.
A little rosemary, parsley, turmeric or ginger adds flavour and benefits. Never use salt, onion, garlic, cocoa or nutmeg.
Arrange pieces so they aren’t touching, with space for airflow, and set the drying temperature for your treat (see the chart). For raw meat, follow a tested recipe’s pathogen-control instructions; where it includes a heating stage, check the meat’s internal temperature with a food thermometer. A chamber setting is not the meat’s internal temperature.
Continue at the drying temperature for your treat (see the chart below) until treats feel firm and leathery with no moisture when torn. That is a quality check, not proof of safety. Cool, seal airtight and label with the date.
When preparing meat for dehydration, you’ll often find guidance suggesting a heating stage before or during drying. Whether that is legally required depends on who is making the food: EU feed-hygiene rules do not apply to the private domestic production of feed for animals not kept for food production [3], while businesses must meet feed-hygiene, animal by-product and labelling requirements [3][4][5]. Heating guidance such as USDA’s is a safety recommendation written for jerky made for people, not an EU legal requirement. [1]
At BenchFoods, our machines are made of high-quality, 304 food-grade stainless steel, ideal for dehydrating meat and other produce. BenchFoods models with temperature settings up to 90 °C offer scope for a heating stage as well as drying, so a separate oven is not automatically necessary. A chamber setting is not the same as the meat’s internal temperature, and it does not by itself demonstrate an effective treatment.
How you cut your meat will depend on the types of dehydrated pet treats you’re making and how you plan to store it. If you’re creating jerky, meat should be sliced thinly before dehydration. If you plan to create sticks or bites, you may choose to cut them in the preferred size beforehand rather than doing it afterwards. Remember to keep the cuts uniform when dehydrating in batches so that each piece dehydrates evenly and within the same timeframe.
It’s also important to remove fat from any meat you are dehydrating for pets before dehydration, as this can impact the dehydration time and process and cause dehydrated pet food or treats to spoil during storage.
MAKING DEHYDRATED JERKY FOR PETS
See our tips below for making dehydrated meat jerky for pets.
Temperatures shown are drying-stage figures, not a complete food-safety process. Drying time varies with thickness, tray loading and operating conditions. Thin slices dry faster than chunks — always dry fully.
*Food-safety recommendation: USDA advises home users making jerky to heat beef to an internal temperature of 71.1 °C before dehydrating, then dry it. This is US safety guidance for jerky made for people, not an EU legal requirement for private domestic preparation, and it is not specific to pet treats. A chamber-temperature setting is not the same as the meat’s internal temperature. See the food-safety section above. [1]
| Treat | Category | Drying time | Temp* | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beef jerky | Jerky | 4–6 hours | ≈ 75 °C* | Lean cut, all fat trimmed, thin strips. |
| Lamb jerky | Jerky | 4–6 hours | ≈ 75 °C* | Leg or loin; gentle on sensitive stomachs. |
| Chicken jerky | Jerky | 3–5 hours | ≈ 75 °C* | Skin and bones removed first. |
| Fish jerky | Jerky | 4–8 hours | ≈ 55 °C* | Clean fillets; skin and bones removed. |
| Shark cartilage | Bones & chews | 12–14 hours | 70–75 °C* | Trim excess tissue; cut to pet size. |
| Beef tendon (paddywack) | Bones & chews | 12–16 hours | 70–75 °C* | Wash well; cut into smaller pieces. |
| Bully stick (beef pizzle) | Bones & chews | 12–16 hours | 70–75 °C* | Clean thoroughly; remove excess moisture. |
| Chicken necks | Bones & chews | 8–12 hours | 70–75 °C* | Avoid higher heat — bones can turn brittle. |
| Sardines | Bones & chews | 4–8 hours | 60–70 °C* | Scale, gut, rinse and pat dry. |
| Beef liver | Liver | 6–10 hours | 55–65 °C* | ~6 mm slices; dry until leathery and breakable. |
| Lamb liver | Liver | 6–10 hours | 65–70 °C* | Uniform strips for even drying. |
| Chicken liver | Liver | 6–10 hours | 65–70 °C* | High-value training reward. |
| Goat liver | Liver | 6–8 hours | 55–65 °C* | Lean and low in allergens. |
| Apple bites | Bites | 6–10 hours | ≈ 55 °C* | Apple + chickpea flour; pieces not touching. |
| Chicken bites | Bites | 4–8 hours | ≈ 70 °C* | Chicken + chickpea flour. |
| Fish bites (tuna) | Bites | 4–8 hours | ≈ 60 °C* | Lean ground tuna rolled into bites. |
| Mackerel bites | Bites | 6–10 hours | ≈ 60 °C* | Strong flavour, high-reward treat. |
| Pig’s ears | Offal & offcuts | 6–10 hours | 65–70 °C* | Remove hair and debris; trim fat. |
| Goat horn | Offal & offcuts | 8–12 hours | ≈ 65 °C* | Wash; remove dirt and debris. |
| Beef trachea | Offal & offcuts | 10–14 hours | ≈ 65 °C* | Clean thoroughly; remove excess fat. |
| Chicken feet | Offal & offcuts | 6–8 hours | ≈ 65 °C* | Dry until completely crunchy. |
| Blue mussel powder | Powders | 4–6 hours | 55–65 °C* | Deshell; dry completely before grinding. |
| Egg powder | Powders | 6–10 hours | ≈ 60 °C* | Blended egg on solid trays; crumbly when done. |
| Eggshells | Powders | 30 minutes | ≈ 90 °C* | Rinse well; dry on a separate tray. |
Treats should be firm and leathery with no visible moisture when torn or bent. Liver should be dry, leathery and breakable; powders crumbly with no moisture before grinding. If the middle still feels soft or pliable, give it more time. Texture is a quality check; it does not confirm that harmful bacteria have been controlled or that the treat is suitable for room-temperature storage.
Unlike kibble, which undergoes processing at high temperatures, dehydrated pet food or treats are carefully crafted at lower temperatures, allowing for a gradual moisture removal process that preserves the food's nutritional value and flavour. Making dehydrated pet food or treats doesn’t include any harmful chemicals, preservatives, fillers or by-products that can be found in dry dog food or store-bought treats either, which results in a healthier and more nutrient-rich option for a pet’s diet, ultimately promoting overall health and well-being.
When it comes to drying times for meat, bones, offal and offcuts, it really depends on the type of meat or item you’re dehydrating and how it’s cut. Thinner slices will take less time than chunks of meat, and every piece must be fully dry before storage to prevent spoilage. Drying temperature alone is not a complete food-safety process: if your recipe uses a heating stage, confirm the meat’s internal temperature with a food thermometer.
*Temperatures below are drying-stage figures for texture, not a complete food-safety process. See the food-safety section.
Dehydrated beef jerky – 4-6 hours, approx. 75°C*.Dehydrated lamb jerky – 4-6 hours, approx. 75°C*.Dehydrated chicken jerky – 3-5 hours, approx. 75°C*.Dehydrated fish jerky – 4-8 hours, approx. 55°C*.
Dehydrated shark cartilage – 12-14 hours, approx. 70-75°C*.Dehydrated beef tendon (paddy wack) – 12-16 hours, approx. 70-75°C*.Dehydrated bully stick (beef pizzle) – 12-16 hours, approx. 70-75°C*.Dehydrated chicken necks – 8-12 hours, approx. 70-75°C*.Dehydrated sardines – 4-8 hours, approx. 60-70°C*.
Dehydrated beef liver – 6-10 hours, approx. 55-65°C*.Dehydrated lamb liver – 6-10 hours, approx. 65-70°C*.Dehydrated chicken liver – 6-10 hours, approx. 65-70°C*.Dehydrated goat liver – 6-8 hours, approx. 55-65°C*.
Dehydrated apple bites – 6-10 hours, approx. 55°C*.Dehydrated chicken bites – 4-8 hours, approx. 70°C*.Dehydrated fish bites – 4-8 hours, approx. 60°C*.Dehydrated mackerel bites – 6-10 hours, approx. 60°C*.
Dehydrated pig’s ears – 6-10 hours, approx. 65-70°C*.Dehydrated goat horn – 8-12 hours, approx. 65°C*.Dehydrated beef trachea – 10-14 hours, approx. 65°C*.Dehydrated chicken feet – 6-8 hours, approx. 65°C*.
Dehydrated blue mussel powder – 4-6 hours, approx. 55-65°C*.Dehydrated egg powder – 6-10 hours, approx. 60°C*.Dehydrated eggshells – 30 minutes, approx. 90°C*.
Moisture and oxygen are what spoil treats. Seal airtight, keep cool, dark and dry, and date every batch. If your recipe does not establish safe room-temperature storage, keep treats refrigerated or frozen: appearance and dryness alone do not establish shelf stability.
| Method | Keeping time | Best for |
|---|---|---|
| Vacuum-sealed or Mylar bags with a moisture absorber, cool & dark | Depends on the recipe, moisture content and packaging | Meat treats prone to spoilage; selling to customers |
| Freezer | Longer than at room temperature; follow your recipe | Extending shelf life at home |
| Airtight container at room temperature | A few weeks to several months, if the recipe supports room-temperature storage | Everyday home batches; lean treats last longer than fatty ones |
| Powders in an airtight jar | Best shelf life when fully dry before grinding | Supplements and toppers |
You notice an off odour, mould or a slimy texture. It usually means the treat wasn’t fully dried, wasn’t sealed properly, or had traces of fat.
Labelling rules apply in the market you sell in. In the EU, feed labelling follows Regulation (EC) No 767/2009 — for example the type of feed (complete or complementary), the species, instructions for use, a minimum storage life and a composition list in descending order by weight [5]. FEDIAF (the European Pet Food Industry) publishes a Code of Good Labelling Practice. Shelf life must be established for your actual formulation, process and packaging. [11]
When it comes to storing dehydrated pet treats, there are various options to consider, depending on what they’re made of. Dehydrated pet treats made from meat that could be prone to spoilage need protection against oxygen and moisture, so high-barrier packaging and a moisture absorber are fantastic ideas, especially if you’re offering them to customers as part of your business.
Storing dehydrated pet treats in an airtight container or vacuum-sealed packaging like Mylar bags, in a cool, dark place, helps protect them from moisture and oxygen. How long they keep depends on the recipe, the moisture content and the packaging, so follow the storage instructions and keeping time for your tested recipe. If you’re making treats at home, mark the container with the date of dehydration, check stored treats regularly — particularly meat treats — and discard them immediately if you notice an off odour or mould. This could be a sign that the product wasn’t fully dried, wasn’t sealed properly, or had traces of fat that caused spoilage.
If you’re a business and provide dehydrated pet treats to your customers, labelling and other requirements apply in the market you’re selling in. For the EU, see FEDIAF (the European Pet Food Industry) and your competent authority.
Under Regulation (EC) No 767/2009, feed placed on the market must carry mandatory labelling particulars, including the type of feed (complete or complementary), the name and address of the responsible operator, a batch reference, the net quantity, the species it is intended for, instructions for use, a minimum storage life (‘best before’ or ‘use before’) and a composition list in descending order by weight. [5] Labelling or presentation may not claim that a feed prevents, treats or cures a disease. [5]
The questions we’re asked most often about making, drying and storing pet treats.
All BenchFoods FAQs →Not automatically. Drying raw meat does not by itself eliminate harmful bacteria [2], and bacteria such as Salmonella can spread to people who handle raw meat and animal treats. [6] Use a tested recipe. If it includes a heating stage, check the meat’s internal temperature with a food thermometer and follow any holding time, rather than relying on the dehydrator’s chamber setting. BenchFoods models with settings up to 90 °C can run a heating stage as well as drying.
The drying-stage figures on this page run from about 55 °C to 75 °C depending on the treat (see the chart). They are starting points for drying, not a complete food-safety process. Thin slices typically take 4–8 hours depending on thickness and the machine used.
Yes, provided they're dog-safe. Apples, carrots, and sweet potato are common choices. Check they're safe for dogs specifically before using them, some fruits and vegetables aren't.
It depends on the ingredient, the recipe and how well the treat is dried. As a general guide, treats made from a tested recipe may keep for a few weeks to several months in an airtight container at room temperature. Lean meat treats last longer than fatty ones, and fruit or veg treats generally have a shorter shelf life than meat. If your recipe does not establish safe room-temperature storage, keep treats refrigerated or frozen. Appearance and dryness alone do not establish shelf stability. [11]
In an airtight container, somewhere cool, dark, and dry. Freezing can extend the keeping time, since moisture is what drives spoilage; follow the storage instructions for your tested recipe.
Fat turns rancid over time even when the rest of the treat is properly dried. Leaner cuts of meat last longer in storage and are generally the safer choice for treats.
It should be firm and leathery, with no visible moisture when torn or bent. If it still feels soft or pliable in the middle, it needs more time. Texture is a quality check; it does not confirm that harmful bacteria have been controlled.
Yes, liver, heart, and other off-cuts dehydrate well and are nutrient-dense, a cost-effective way to make treats while reducing waste.
Mould, an off smell, or a slimy texture. Check treats periodically during storage, especially fattier ones, and discard anything showing these signs rather than risk it.
EU feed-hygiene rules (Regulation (EC) No 183/2005) do not apply to the private domestic production of feed for animals not kept for food production, or to feeding them. [3] That is separate from safety advice, which still applies. Rules differ by country, so check with your competent authority if you are unsure.
You become a feed business operator: you must notify your establishment for registration and use procedures based on HACCP principles [3], an establishment that manufactures pet food must be approved under the EU animal by-products rules [4], and the product must be labelled in line with Regulation (EC) No 767/2009, which does not allow a claim to prevent, treat or cure a disease. [5] Speak to your competent authority before starting.
Any chew carries some risk. FEDIAF advises choosing a size and shape that suits your dog, supervising your dog with every chew and treat, and avoiding excessively hard chews, which can fracture teeth. [7] Ask your vet whether bone chews suit your dog.
Chews and treats are complementary, not nutritionally complete. Keep them to no more than about 10% of your pet’s calories and feed a complete and balanced diet alongside them. [7]
For EU legal requirements, start with EU legislation and the competent authority in your country. [12] USDA guidance is a US reference and should not be treated as European law. Countries outside the EU have their own frameworks.
Serious about dehydrating
Stainless steel, food-grade cabinets that scale from a 10-tray domestic unit to a 10-trolley industrial line, with temperature settings up to 90 °C on the featured models so you can run a heating stage as well as drying.
Everything else you can make with the same machine.
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